Land altitude, slope, and coverage as risk factors for PRRS outbreaks in the USA
Does the land altitude, slope or coverage matter?
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Biosecurity status and its associations with production and management characteristics in farrow-to-finish pig herds
The farms that apply more vaccines are the ones that score the best in internal biosecurity. The change towards prevention directly leads to both greater use of vaccines and better internal biosecurity, as they are the only means we know to prevent the disease.
The impact of intensive vaccination on PCV2 epidemiology
The decrease in PCV2a and PCV2b genotypes over time and the increase in PCV2d in 2012 may be due more to other, unknown, factors than to immunological selection resulting from PCV2a-based vaccination.
Clinical case: Multifactorial respiratory process at nursery and finisher
This case report highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach to achieve a correct differential diagnosis.
Clinical case: Bowel Oedema
This case study describes an outbreak in a commercial unit which proved difficult to stop without vaccine. Since 2014 an increasing number of cases of this disease have been reported in Europe though it remains unclear why it has reappeared.
Clinical case: Abattoir lesion prevalence in light and heavy weaned pigs
The prevalence of Mycoplasmal pneumonia and pericarditis lesions was significantly higher in pigs weaned at lower weights compared to their heavier cohorts, despite the provision of a superior production system for the lower weight group.
Clinical case: Increase of returns in summer and low annual prolificacy
The farm reports a problem of low prolificacy (mean annual live births of 11.91) and low fertility in summer, with a marked increase in acyclic returns.
Infectious agents identified in aborted porcine foetuses
PCV-2 and PRRS are the most common infectious causes of abortions. Most abortions are also found to occur during the colder months, regardless of their cause.
The impact of 6 years of PCV2 vaccination on viral presence and immunity in pigs across the United States
PCV2 vaccination is nearly universal. Has viral presence decreased after 6 years of vaccination? Could vaccination policies be changed?
Ileitis vaccination – A tool to reduce the need for antibiotic treatment
In the coming years, the use of antimicrobials will be more closely regulated, following the guidelines set by the WHO in its global report on antimicrobial resistance in 2014.
Clinical case: One clinical picture of parvovirus, two separate causes
The farmer, alarmed, calls us describing a clinical picture of abortions in the last third of gestation, weak newborn piglets, stillbirths, mummified piglets, agalactia, sows with fever and small litters.
How the anti-inflammatory drugs given to sows affect the piglets
Assessment of a study, by Enric de Marco, on the use of anti-inflammatory drugs in sows at farrowing in order to reduce piglet mortality and increase the weight of piglets at weaning.
Protection of piglets against Oedema Disease by maternal immunization with Stx2e Toxoid
The article provides an alternative to the current vaccination programs that could be the solution for farms with early onset oedema disease. However, this alternative —consisting of vaccinating the dams at the end of gestation to achieve post-weaning piglets immunization—, also raises questions...
Clinical case: Sodium ion toxicosis in pigs after transport
At autopsy, haemorrhagic enterocolitis with mucosal oedema, enlarged spleen and haemorrhagic mesentery were observed.
Measuring progress in PRRS regional control programs
Without the participation in the program of all farms present in the area, progress will be minimal or nil.
The challenge of Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) intra-specific taxonomic classification
All available vaccines in the European and North-American market are based on PCV2a genotype, while the most prevalent ones are PCV2b and PCV2d ones. Although significant level of cross-protection among these three genotypes has been demonstrated, it would be interesting to assess if vaccine efficiency would be equivalent in front of all these different genotypes.
Differences between American and global strains of PEDv
Virulence and infectivity differences between strains are notorious. Moreover, the new virus is not controlled with vaccines developed from classical strains and may yield false positives in some diagnostic tests.
Clinical case: Problems with Salmonellosis and PCV2-associated disease in nursery and early fattening
We got a call to visit a fattening farm where 7-week-old piglets presented meningitis and diarrhoea after weaning, with a mortality rate of 5% three weeks after weaning.
Clinical case: An unusual manifestation of Strep suis infection
At least 25% of the pigs from 2 to 3 weeks old were reported to be lame, some so severe that they lay in the arcs shaking and unable to stand.
Enzootic pneumonia risk factors in fattening pigs
Any contact between fattening pigs of different age during restocking of compartments increased the risk.
Clinical case: Vesicular disease in pigs associated with Senecavirus A infection
It seems we have a new virus able to produce vesicular disease in pig populations.
Effect of PCV2 infection on reproduction: disease, vertical transmission, diagnostics and vaccination
The immune status of farms is quite possibly different from the one they had before piglets mass vaccinations.
Clinical case: Blastocystis sp.: Do we have to consider a new enteropathogen?
Due to the fact that no known enteropathogen was found in clinically relevant amounts, importance of massive Blastocystis sp. infestation was counted as significant in this case.
How PCV2 vaccines work
Despite not having a consistent post-vaccination serological reaction, vaccinated animals behave differently from unvaccinated animals under field conditions.The article explains why vaccines offer protection.
Effect of vaccination against PRRSV on virus shedding
Effect of modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus vaccine on the shedding of wild-type virus from an infected population of growing pigs.
Clinical case: Leg lameness in gilts
After two weeks of quarantine, gilts started limping. Treatment with amoxycillins did not help, only treatment with high doses (10 mg/kg) of macrolides and spectinomycines brought a solution.
Stochastic model of PRRSV control strategies on a swine farm in the United States
After 24 years of experience we still don't have a control plan agreed upon and accepted by all our technical community. Why?
Measurement of time-to-virus-negative-piglets interval in PRRSv positive sow herds
The accuracy and security provided by the combination of samples of weaned pigs and piglets at birth, either stillborn or live piglets, help us make a decision that will be crucial in any eradication plan.
Clinical case: Erythema multiforme and respiratory disease in sows/gilts housed in group systems
An erythema multiforme (EM) was noticed in the majority (90%) of breeding stock, associated with respiratory problems and without mortality.
Classifying swine herds by PRRSv status
The classification system for PRRSV status of herds is based upon a set of definitions reflecting the biology and ecology of PRRSV.
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