
Causes of irregular returns to estrus
There are several factors that can cause an abnormally long estrous cycle.


There are several factors that can cause an abnormally long estrous cycle.

This article lists the main infectious causes that can lead to irregular returns to estrus.

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Despite being a well-known technique, mistakes are still made with its application on farms, and questions are raised that we will try to answer.

Negre Mallorquí pig is a native breed from Mallorca, characterized by its high rusticity and adaptation to the Mediterranean climatic conditions.

Moravka is a breed of combined production traits that was created as a result of unsystematic crossings of Šumadinka and Berkshire.

If the farrowing rate is less than ideal, with a normal percent of returns to estrus and abortions, we must consider the open sows.

If my farrowing rate is low, but the returns to estrus, abortions, and culled pregnant sows are all normal, I probably have dead sows...

The Mora Romagnola is a breed of pig from Emilia-Romagna, in northern Italy. The name ‘Mora’ was codified in 1942 and is due to its colour, dark brown tending to black.

Mangalitsa is an autochthonous fatty type pig breed, created from the old Serbian Šumadinka breed.




Deviations from the sow's normal consumption pattern during the lactation phase have important production implications.

In the first part of this article series we addressed how to correctly stimulate oestrus. In this article we continue talking with swine reproduction specialist, Javier Gil Pascual, focusing on heat detection.

Lietuvos Baltosios senojo tipo pigs are remaining purebred pigs of local Lithuanian pig breed (Lietuvos Baltosios) adapted to the specific local environment and locally available feedstuffs.

Does a high retention rate indicate high productivity?

The Lithuanian indigenous wattle (Lithuanian: Lietuvos vietinė) is a domestic pig native to Lithuania and is one of the oldest pig varieties in Europe.

This chapter presents the history and the current state-of-the-art in the only Slovenian autochthonous pig breed - Krškopolje pig (Krškopoljski prašič).

In a series of articles, swine reproduction and insemination specialist, Javier Gil Pascual, addresses the key aspects of oestrus stimulation and detection, and insemination.

History and current status of the Iberian breed, an autochthonous pig breed of the Iberian Peninsula.



Some routines are widely used on the daily work of pig farms and we can even think that there is some good logic behind them, but have they been scientifically tested?

Which indicator best reflects performance - farrowing rate or non-productive days?

Gilts have more returns to estrus... but why?

History and current status of Gascon pig breed. This French autochthonous breed, which almost disappeared, now enjoys a new boom.

History and current status of Black Slavonian (Crna slavonska) pig breed, an autochthonous pig breed in the Republic of Croatia.

History and current status of Cinta Senese pig breed, one of the Italian autochthonous pig breeds.

History and current status of Apulo-Calabrese pig breed, one of the Italian autochthonous pig breeds.

What is more important: the farm or genetics?


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Celebrating 195585Users on 333!
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