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A total of 180 pigs (PIC TR4 x 1050, initially 10.3 kg and 34 d of age) were used in a 21-d trial to evaluate the effects of vomitoxin concentration in nursery pig diets and the effectiveness of commercial products to mitigate vomitoxin’s negative effects on performance. Pens of pigs were balanced by initial weight and were randomly allotted to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 6 replications per treatment. Dietary treatments included a control diet consisting of corn-soybean meal and regular dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS; low vomitoxin), a negative control diet containing 4 ppm dietary vomitoxin (from contaminated DDGS), and the negative control diet with a direct-fed fermented product that provides a source of yeast to potentially absorb the mycotoxins (P1), a mixture of yeast components with bentonite clay (P2), blend of antioxidants, amino acids, direct-fed microbials, and preservatives to absorb or break down vomitoxin in feed (P3). All diets were fed in meal form.
From d 0 to 10, pigs fed either the negative control or diets containing P1, P2 or P3 had decreased (P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI than pigs fed the positive control diet. Pigs fed the positive control diet had improved F/G (P < 0.05) compared to pigs fed the negative control diet and diets containing P1 or P2, with pigs fed diets containing P3 intermediate. From d 10 to 21, pigs fed the positive control or diet containing P3 had greater (P < 0.05) ADG than the negative control, P1 and P2 diets. Additionally, pigs fed the positive control diet had a greater (P < 0.05) ADFI than pigs fed the negative control and diets containing P1 and P2, with pigs fed P3 intermediate. Overall (d 0-21), pigs fed the positive control diet had greater (P < 0.05) ADG compared to pigs fed any of the vomitoxin-contaminated diets. In addition, pigs fed diets containing P3 had greater ADG (P < 0.05) than pigs fed the negative control diet and diets containing P1 and P2. Pigs fed the positive control diet had greater ADFI (P < 0.05) than pigs fed any other dietary treatment. Pigs fed the positive control diet had improved F/G (P < 0.05) compared to the negative control and diets containing P1 or P2. Also, pigs fed P3 had improved F/G (P < 0.05) compared to pigs fed the negative control.
Thus, nursery pigs fed diets containing 4 ppm vomitoxin had reduced growth performance. Including P3 in the diet improved performance but not to that of pigs fed a low-vomitoxin diet.
From d 0 to 10, pigs fed either the negative control or diets containing P1, P2 or P3 had decreased (P < 0.05) ADG and ADFI than pigs fed the positive control diet. Pigs fed the positive control diet had improved F/G (P < 0.05) compared to pigs fed the negative control diet and diets containing P1 or P2, with pigs fed diets containing P3 intermediate. From d 10 to 21, pigs fed the positive control or diet containing P3 had greater (P < 0.05) ADG than the negative control, P1 and P2 diets. Additionally, pigs fed the positive control diet had a greater (P < 0.05) ADFI than pigs fed the negative control and diets containing P1 and P2, with pigs fed P3 intermediate. Overall (d 0-21), pigs fed the positive control diet had greater (P < 0.05) ADG compared to pigs fed any of the vomitoxin-contaminated diets. In addition, pigs fed diets containing P3 had greater ADG (P < 0.05) than pigs fed the negative control diet and diets containing P1 and P2. Pigs fed the positive control diet had greater ADFI (P < 0.05) than pigs fed any other dietary treatment. Pigs fed the positive control diet had improved F/G (P < 0.05) compared to the negative control and diets containing P1 or P2. Also, pigs fed P3 had improved F/G (P < 0.05) compared to pigs fed the negative control.
Thus, nursery pigs fed diets containing 4 ppm vomitoxin had reduced growth performance. Including P3 in the diet improved performance but not to that of pigs fed a low-vomitoxin diet.
JA Barnes, JM DeRouchey, MD Tokach, RD Goodband, SS Dritz, and JL Nelssen, 2010. Swine day, Kansas State University, Report progress 1038: 80-84.
