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The effect of feeding increased levels of amino acids in heavy and medium weight nursery pigs on pig performance

A good balance between the four limiting AA and the crude protein content is required for a successful pig growth.
18 November 2010
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A study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding increased levels of amino acids to nursery pigs, which were heavy and medium weight at weaning. A total of 144 crossbred, mixed sex pigs (21.7 d of age) were used in the study. A 3 phase feeding program was used to mimic industry practice. Treatments consisted of nursery diets with increased levels of lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan. The control diet was designed to meet industry standards (IS; n = 36). Dietary concentrations of the aforementioned amino acids were increased above the control diet by 10% (+10; n = 36), 20% (+20; n = 36), and 30% (+30; n = 36) using synthetic amino acids. Pigs were blocked by body weight (Heavy; 7.87 kg BW and Medium; 5.88 kg BW) at weaning. Pigs were weighed at trial initiation and at each diet change; average daily feed disappearance (ADFD) was determined for each phase. All pigs were bled on d 4, 11, and 28 after initiation of the trial for determination of plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) levels.

In phase 1 there was a significant effect of treatment on ADG (0.177 vs. 0.156, 0.150, 0.144 Kg; +10 vs. IS, +30, +20 respectively; P < 0.05) and feed to gain efficiency (F:G; 1.31 vs. 1.19, 1.18, 1.11; +20, +30, IS, +10 respectively; P < 0.05). In period 2 there was an effect of treatment on ADFD (0.367 vs. 0.412, 0.418, 0.448 Kg; +30, +20, +10, +IS respectively; P < 0.05) and PUN levels (13.23 vs. 8.55, 8.28, 7.741; IS, +20, +30, +10 respectively; P < 0.05). Also, PUN levels were affected by weight (10.83 vs. 8.07; Heavy vs. Medium respectively; P < 0.05). In phase 3 there was no significant effect of treatment on performance or PUN levels. Over the entire trial, there was a significant effect of treatment on F:G (1.38 vs. 1.42, 1.43, 1.464; +10, +30, +20, IS; respectively; P < 0.05) and PUN was effected by weight (12.707 vs. 10.328; heavy vs. medium; P < 0.05).

These results indicate that there may be benefit to feeding higher levels of amino acids to nursery pigs and that medium weight pigs may benefit from increased amino acid levels compared with heavy weight pigs.

JL Pietig and CE Hostetler, 2010. Journal of Animal Science, 88 (E-Suppl. 2):489.

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